原标题：TI RF430F5978低功耗RF MCU开发方案

　　TI公司的RF430F5978是基于CC430产品系列的低功耗RF MCU,是一种高度集成的RF解决方案.它提升了读取区和电池的性能，适合超低功耗应用.器件包括一个3D低频(LF)唤醒及应答器接口,一个集成式 1GHz RF收发器和一个可编程MSP430™内核.该LF应答器甚至可在无电池供电的情况下运行.128位AES安全加密与解密协处理器添加了先进的安全保障功能，适用于数据保护,工作电压3.6V,可低至1.8V工作, 非常适合低功耗RF应用，如无线传感器网络,数据记录仪,有源应答器,远程监控系统,集装箱跟踪,存取控制和设备控制与管理系统.本文介绍了RF430F5978主要特性和框图, LF接口框图, <1GHz无线电框图,典型应用电路图,以及评估模块RF430F5978EVM主要特性,框图和电路图.

　　The Texas Instruments RF430F5978 System in Package adds a 3D low frequency (LF) wake-up and transponder interface to the CC430 ultra-low-power microcontroller system-on-chip (SoC) with integrated sub-1-GHz RF transceiver. This architecture allows activation and de-activation of the device in a dedicated and well-defined area "on-demand" to achieve extended battery life for the whole system. The embedded LF transponder interface is always functional even without battery supply and offers the highest level of security through its 128-bit AES encryption for challenge/response and mutual authentication, and it also adds 2kB of programmable EEPROM memory to the system.

　　The CC430 ultra-low-power microcontroller system-on-chip (SoC) combines the CC1101 sub-1-GHz RF transceiver with the powerful MSP430™ 16-bit RISC CPU. 16-bit registers and constant generators contribute to maximum code efficiency. It features the MSP430 CPUXV2, 32kB of in-system programmable flash memory, 4kB of RAM, two 16-bit timers, a high-performance 12-bit analog-to-digital (A/D) converter with six external inputs plus internal temperature and battery sensors, comparator, universal serial communication interfaces (USCI), 128-bit AES security accelerator, hardware multiplier, DMA, real-time clock module with alarm capabilities.

　　The RF430F5978 provides a tight integration between the microcontroller core, its peripherals, software, and the integrated sub-1-GHz RF transceiver and 3D LF transceiver for wake-up and transponder interface, making these solutions easy to use while improving performance.

　　Typical applications for these devices include wireless analog and digital sensor systems, access control, asset tracking, and smart grid wireless networks.

　　RF430F5978主要特性:

　　True System-In-Package Based On MSP430 With Sub 1-GHz Transceiver System-On-Chip (SoC) and Additional 3D LF Wake Up and Transponder Interface

　　Wide Supply Voltage Range: 3.6 V Down To 1.8 V

　　Ultra-Low Power Consumption

　　CPU Active Mode (AM): 160 µA/MHz

　　Standby Mode (LPM3 RTC Mode): 2.0 µA

　　Off Mode (LPM4 RAM Retention): 1.0 µA

　　Radio in Receive: 15 mA, 250 kbps, 915 MHz

　　MSP430 System and Peripherals

　　16-Bit RISC Architecture, Extended Memory, up to 20-MHz System Clock

　　Wake-Up From Standby Mode in Less Than 6 µs

　　Flexible Power Management System With SVS and Brownout

　　Unified Clock System With FLL

　　16-Bit Timer TA0, Timer_A with Five Capture/Compare Registers

　　16-Bit Timer TA1, Timer_A with Three Capture/Compare Registers

　　Hardware Real-Time Clock

　　Two Universal Serial Communication Interfaces

　　USCI_A0 Supports UART, IrDA, SPI

　　USCI_B0 Supports I2C™, SPI

　　12-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter With Internal Reference, Sample-and-Hold, and Autoscan Features

　　Comparator

　　128-Bit AES Security Encryption and Decryption Coprocessor

　　32-Bit Hardware Multiplier

　　Three-Channel Internal DMA

　　Serial Onboard Programming, No External Programming Voltage Needed

　　Embedded Emulation Module (EEM)

　　High-Performance Sub-1GHz Radio Frequency (RF) Transceiver Core

　　Same as in CC1101

　　Wide Supply Voltage Range: 2 V to 3.6 V

　　Frequency Bands: 300 MHz to 348 MHz, 389 MHz to 464 MHz, and 779 MHz to 928 MHz

　　Programmable Data Rate From 0.6 kBaud to 500 kBaud

　　High Sensitivity (-117 dBm at 0.6 kBaud, -111 dBm at 1.2 kBaud, 315 MHz, 1% Packet Error Rate)

　　Excellent Receiver Selectivity and Blocking Performance

　　Programmable Output Power Up to +12 dBm for All Supported Frequencies

　　2-FSK, 2-GFSK, and MSK Supported as Well as OOK and Flexible ASK Shaping

　　Flexible Support for Packet-Oriented Systems: On-Chip Support for Sync Word Detection, Address Check, Flexible Packet Length, and Automatic CRC Handling

　　Support for Automatic Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) Before Transmitting (for Listen-Before-Talk Systems)

　　Digital RSSI Output

　　Suited for Systems Targeting Compliance With EN 300 220 (Europe) and FCC CFR Part 15 (US)

　　Suited for Systems Targeting Compliance With Wireless M-Bus Standard EN 13757-4:2005

　　Support for Asynchronous and Synchronous Serial Receive and Transmit Mode for Backward Compatibility With Existing Radio Communication Protocols

　　High-Performance Low-Frequency (LF) Interface

　　3D Wake-Up Receiver

　　Low Standby Current Consumption: 4.4 µA

　　Regular Sensitivity Mode: 3.7 mVpp → Approximate 3-m Wake Range

　　High Sensitivity Mode: 0.5 mVpp → Approximate 6-m Wake Range

　　Low Sensitivity Variation

　　Digital RSSI 72 dB, 8-Bit Logarithmic

　　Two Independent Wake Patterns, 0-Bit to 24-Bit Length

　　Dedicated Sensitivity Levels for Both Wake Patterns

　　Integrated LF Bit Stream Data Decoding and Digital Data Output

　　AES-128 Hardware Encryption Coprocessor

　　Resonant Frequency: 134.2 kHz

　　Embedded Resonant Trimming for All Three Resonant Circuits

　　3D Transponder Interface

　　Transponder Read Range up to 4 in (10 cm), Power Received From LF RF Field

　　Half Duplex (HDX) Communication Protocol

　　Selectable Challenge/Response Length: 32/32, 64/64, or 96/64 Bit

　　Mutual Authentication For All Commands With 32-Bit Reader Signature

　　Burst Read Mode

　　Anticollision Encryption

　　EEPROM Memory Size of 2048 Bytes

　　Available User EEPROM is 1776 Bytes

　　Encryption Keys 4x 128 Bits

　　Configurable Page Types for Selective Access Grant

　　All Pages Lockable (No Reprogramming Possible)

　　Switch Interface With up to Eight Inputs

　　图1. RF430F5978功能框图

　　图2. RF430F5978 LF接口框图

　　图3. RF430F5978 <1GHz无线电框图

　　图4. RF430F5978典型应用电路图

　　评估模块RF430F5978EVM

　　The RF430F5978EVM, including the user software SLRC001, is a complete evaluation platform to evaluate the key features of the RF430F5978 transponder:

　　Sub 1-GHz Transceiver

　　3D LF long range trigger/wake up function

　　Passive, batteryless transponder communication

　　Contactless LF 3D Antenna Resonant trimming

　　In a typical sequence, the MRD2EVM LF Transmitter sends a 64-Bit wake pattern. and As soon as the RF430F5978EVM board is within the supply range (typically ~ 2m with this set up, but it can reach up to 10m with an LF power transmitter) and detects a valid wake pattern, the microcontroller is activated.

　　The microcontroller will then measure the RSSI (Receive Signal Strength) of all 3 axes on the 3D LF antenna, interpret the orientation and distance of the device, measure the temperatufre, as well as the battery/system voltage, and send the information back via the onboard UHF Transceiver to the AP434R01 Access Point. The returned data will be visualized by the user software SLRC001, showing the signal strength on all 3 axes as well as temperature and supply voltage logging data.

　　A typical task for the RF430F5978EVM is to capture data from different sensors over time and, triggered by an LF wake up, transmit the stored data via the RF transceiver to an AP434 access point. The standard wake up/trigger function of the RF430F5978 is carried out by an LF signal which is generated by the microreader board MRD2EVM.

　　Depending on the LF antenna type/size and LF output power, the distance between the LF reader and the RF430F5978EVM can be up to 4m (13.12 feet). The RF430F5978 combines a CC430F6137 ultra-low-power microcontroller system-on-chip with an integrated 434 MHz transceiver and an LF 134 kHz front end. The devices features different peripherals targeted for a wide range of applications. The architecture is optimized to achieve extended battery life in portable measurement applications through its 5 low-power modes.

　　The CC430 family features an ultra-low-power 16-bit microcontroller with an integrated radio core, an optional 96-segment LCD controller, 12-bit ADC, comparator, universal serial interface (supports UART, SPI and I2C), 32KB flash memory, and 4KB RAM memory. Free software development tools are also available, such as TI’s Eclipse-based Code Composer Studio™ IDE and IAR Embedded Workbench.

　　评估模块RF430F5978EVM主要特性:

　　USB interface

　　Low-power operation (2.1V to 3.0V)

　　Supports programming and tuning of transponders

　　LF wake up communication

　　UHF transceiver communication

　　Supports CC430F6137 ultra-low-power microcontroller

　　What’s Included

　　MRD2EVM Microreader 2

　　AP434R01 access point

　　RF430F5978EVM

　　3D LF antenna

　　图5. 评估模块RF430F5978EVM套件外形图